Ingredients with molecular weight of 75 or lower enter the blood stream. Using potentially dangerous products one time may not cause problems, it is when these ingredients are used repeatedly and when others are as well causing the 'combo effect'.
Our list of skin care ingredients to avoid and be aware of is a work in progress list. This list includes and is not limited to; formaldehyde releasers and enhances, preservatives, harmful chemicals and cosmetic fragrances.
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NEW STUDY: Genetically Modified Corn Toxic to Humans Mon, Feb 20, 2012 - Read the story here
Researcher: Roundup May Be Causing Miscarriages in Cattle, Humans A very informative and interesting article, everyone needs to read and share. Click here
Concerned about lead in your lipstick? Click here for the list
How to tell if the produce you are purchasing is Organic
ORGANIC - The number 9 is added to the front of the regular four digit PLU code (e.g. an organically grown banana would be 94011).
If it’s not labeled organic or verified non-GMO: Avoid food products made with ingredients that might be derived from GMOs (see list). The eight GM food crops are Corn, Soybeans, Canola, Cottonseed, Sugar Beets, Hawaiian Papaya (most) and a small amount of Zucchini and Yellow Squash.
Sugar - If a non-organic product made in North American lists “sugar” as an ingredient (and NOT pure cane sugar), then it is almost certainly a combination of sugar from both sugar cane and GM sugar beets.
A very informing audio interview with Monona Rossol on chemicals and their hazards. About 33 minutes long so grab some tea.
"Look under your sink lately? There are more than 100, 000 chemicals used in commercial products in this country, and only about 1% have been studied for any possible health consequences. We’ll talk about the dangers these chemicals (and potential alternatives) with Monona Rossol. She is President and founder of Arts Craftsand Theater Safety. "
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Like most, I enjoy nice scents. "Smells" are the #1 thing we remember. There are problems with some man-made fragrances. Federal law does not require companies to list on product labels any of the potentially hundreds to thousands of chemicals in a single product's 'secret fragrance mixture'. Fragrances can contain neurotoxins and are among the top 5 allergens in the world. source: EWG. The EPA found numerous potentially hazardous and known toxic chemicals are commonly used in fragrance, including acetone, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, camphor, ethanol, ethyl acetate, farnesol, limonene, linalool, and methylene chloride, just to name a few. These chemicals alone when inhaled these chemicals can cause central nervous system disorders, dizziness, nausea, slurred speech, drowsiness, irritation to the mouth, throat, eyes, skin, and lungs,kidney damage, headache, respiratory failure, ataxia, and fatigue, among other things.
When it comes to infants and children, be safe and go with "fragrance" free products. If "fragrance" is listed on the label in the ingredients, since what makes up fragrances is proprietary by law you do not know what these fragrances are made of.
FACT: Surveys show that on average, women use 12 products containing 168 ingredients every day, men use 6 products with 85 ingredients (EWG 2004), and children are exposed to an average of 61 ingredients daily (EWG 2007a). The industry-funded CIR safety panel incorrectly assumes that consumers are exposed to just one chemical at a time, and personal care products are the only source of exposure (EWG 2004). source: EWG
FACT: Most cosmetic marketing claims are unregulated. Companies are rarely, if ever, required to back up their claims, even for products for children. A company can use a claim such as “hypoallergenic” or “natural” “to mean anything or nothing at all,” and while “[most] of the terms have considerable market value in promoting cosmetic products to consumers,… dermatologists say they have very little medical meaning” (FDA 1998). An investigation of more than 1,700 body care products for children found that 81 percent of those marked “gentle” or “hypoallergenic” contained allergens or skin and eye irritants (EWG 2007a). source: EWG
FACT: Federal law allows companies to leave many chemicals off labels, including nanomaterials, ingredients considered trade secrets, and components of fragrances (Houlihan 2008). Fragrance may include any of 3,163 different chemicals (IFRA 2010), none of which are required to be listed on labels. Fragrance tests reveal an average of 14 hidden compounds per formulation, including potential hormone disruptors and diethyl phthalate, a compound linked to sperm damage (EWG & CSC, 2010). source: EWG
As with some other aromatic amines such as 2-Naphthylamine, benzidine has been significantly withdrawn from use in most industries because it is carcinogenic. In the past, benzidine was used to test for blood. An enzyme in blood causes the oxidation of benzidine to a distinctively blue-colored derivative. The test for cyanide relies on similar reactivity. Such applications have largely been replaced by methods using phenolphthalein/hydrogen peroxide and luminol.
Some products are advertised with claims such as "gentle" or "natural," and since the government does not require safety testing, personal care product manufacturers can use almost any chemical they want and almost any terminology they want, regardless of the health risks they pose. (source: EWG)
We are not necessarily born with allergies, many allergies are developed by using products filled with chemicals and harmful ingredients. Over time our body cannot tolerate the continued exposure and losses at fighting the allergens off. This is called the 'cumulative effect'. When the human body is exposed repeatedly to any level of allergens or carcinogens, which are in thousands of products, the immune system will over time be depleted to the point that one acquires an immune deficiency or sensitiivity.
"There never was anything in the world that some man could not make a little worse and sell a little cheaper. Those people who consider price only are this man´s lawful prey." - John Ruskin
One way to avoid developing allergies, especially in children, is to avoid using products with chemicals and ingredients that are known or are suspected of being hazardous or known to be irritants. Like so many ingredients, some are still being studied and tested, some have not been thoroughly tested and new studies are continually being released.
As the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics points out, the Safe Cosmetics Act of 2011 is extremely important considering many small businesses (<- just like me!) are the ones spearheading the push for safer cosmetics in their products.
HAIR DYES / COLOR: Many who color their hair do not even know there are harmful chemicals in hair dye. Hair dyes do contain dangerous chemicals, which can cause severe reactions and even death. Here is a list of a just two hair dye chemicals that are quite alarming.
4-Aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) p-Phenylenediamine (PPD)
If you want to color your hair black, use natural Henna and Indigo for gorgeous and safe color. Check out this page for instructions on using Indigo, and color your hair safely, without harmful chemicals. Click here.
In 2004 4-Aminobiphenyl (a Group 1, "Carcinogenic to humans") was found in hair dyes, is in the The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) list of known human carcinogens. 4-ABP is an Amine derivative of biphenyl. Supposedly this chemical has been largely replaced by less toxic compounds. Less toxic does not mean safe. 4-ABP is similar to Benzidine, which has been linked to bladder and pancreatic cancer.
p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) p-Phenylenediamine is a lead acetate and an active ingredient in gradual darkening products such as Grecian formula and common hair dyes. Not just found in dark hair dyes but also reds and any that are designed to darken hair. It is toxic if ingested and suspected of being very toxic when absorbed through the skin. Many reactions to this chemical do not occur until after repeated exposure, when the body can no longer tolerate it. It is also used as a developing agent in the C-41 color photographic film development process.
Not only found in hair dyes, PPD is also used in temporary tattoos that children and young adults use, and should be avoided.
The EPA states, "acute (short-term) exposure to high levels of p-phenylenediamine may cause severe dermatitis, eye irritation and tearing, asthma, gastritis, renal failure, vertigo, tremors, convulsions, and coma in humans."
PPD is suspected in the October 2011 death of 20 year Tabatha McCourt, in Ireland (read the story, click here), and is suspected in Mariade Kelly's very serious near fatal reaction, click here for her story.
The CDC lists p-Phenylenediamine as being a contact allergen. Exposure routes are through inhalation, skin contact or absorption, ingestion, and eye contact; symptoms of exposure include throat irritation (pharynx and larynx), bronchial asthma, and sensitization dermatitis. Sensitization is a lifelong issue, which may lead to active sensitization to products including, but not limited to black clothing, various inks, hair dye, dyed fur, dyed leather, and certain photographic products. It was voted Allergen of the Year in 2006 by the American Contact Dermatitis Society.
WHY SO MANY CHEMICALS: Supply and demand probably plays a small role in dangerous chemicals, as does cost factor. Just as rBGH being injected into cows so they will produce more milk despite the dangers of this growth hormone to us and our children, and to the over-milked cows. Go Organic Whole Milk (or Raw Milk if you can find a reliable and safe source). For one, Organic Milk supports our Organic Dairy Farmers :) and also because it is healthier. And for two, which is more important, because is is safer for our children who are growing up drinking milk, and it has a lot of valid health benefits for their rapidly growing brain and body, over non-Organic Milk.
Ingredients to Avoid
OUR CHILDREN
Extra caution is in order for infants and children because, pound for pound, they are exposed to more contaminants in everyday products than adults. Also, infants and children do not have the choices adults do, we decide for them. It is our responsibility to know what is safe for our children and in our heavily chemical based society, we must educate ourselves as much as possible to ensure they grow safely and healthy, for long term.
Tests show children have more flame retardant chemicals in their system then adults. Their immature metabolism and organ systems are typically less capable of fending off chemical assaults. Even subtle damage to young bodies can lead to disease later in life.
Hyperactivity in Children
Although this page was going to be dedicated more to skin care, I can not help but add this information. Many parents have been left to believe that sugar causes hyperactivity in children. The majority of studies show it does not, and that it is more synthetic preservatives, additives, and food dyes that are suspected of causing hyperactivity in children.
Sodium Benzoate: Is a widely used food preservative and is most widely used in acidic foods like; salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments. It is also used as a preservative in medicines and cosmetics.
The Gist of Sodium Benzoate:Sodium benzoate has been used as an antimicrobial application in mouthwashes, dermatological creams and ointments, and deodorants. In soft drinks, in combination with ascorbic acid (vitamin C, E300), sodium benzoate and potassium benzoate form benzene, a known carcinogen. It is stated though, that in most beverages that contain both, the benzene levels are below those considered dangerous for consumption. And again, don't ever combine it with vitamin C or E, as this causes benzene to be formed. This is per the FDA (that it is safe), so take it for what it is worth, if the FDA is worth trusting since they approve ingredients and ingredient mixtures that other countries ban because they are not safe. Heat, light and shelf life can affect the rate at which benzene is formed. Research published in 2007 for the UK's Food Standards Agency (FSA) suggests that certain artificial colors, when paired with sodium benzoate may be linked to hyperactive behavior. Parkinson's, nero-degenerative diseases, and premature aging have all been attributed to this infamous preservative.
"Sodium benzoate is a known carcinogenic additive which, when eaten or applied to the skin, is transported to the liver, where it is supposed to be filtered, and expelled in urine, but the damage gets done before that process is completed." (source)
BHA: A common food preservative, BHA is added to edible fats and fat-containing foods for its antioxidant properties (also found in Kool-Aid and popular cereals) as it prevents food from becoming rancid and developing objectionable odors. BHA is as an antioxidant and preservative in food, food packaging, animal feed (cats are pretty intolerant to this chemical, yet it is found in cat food), cosmetics, rubber, and petroleum products.
BPA (bisphenol A) Common in Kids' Canned Foods Researchers Say Potentially Harmful Chemical Is Leaching Into Soup From Cans.
A new report shows some canned soups and meals marketed to children contain the chemical bisphenol A (BPA). The inside of many canned foods are lined with this substance. All of the products tested positive for the chemical, and Campbell's Disney Princess and Toy Story soups contained the highest levels.
"One serving might be a concern, but a combination of repeated and re-exposure to BPA from cans marketed to kids is a bigger concern," says Connie Engel, PhD, science education coordinator at the Breast Cancer Fund, which conducted the study.
THE COMBO EFFECT A Bigger Problem with BPA:
"The combination of these foods with other foods like canned fruits, juices, or vegetables would add up to levels of BPA exposure associated with breast cancer, prostate cancer, infertility in girls, and ADHD [attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]," says Engel.
The amount of BPA that leaches into canned foods may vary due to a number of factors, including how salty, fatty, or acidic the food is. How long the food has been canned or exposed to heat or UV light is also a factor.
Remember the "combo effect" with any ingredients that are not healthy for us. Any bad ingredient by itself may not cause that much harm alone and taken or used once, yet in every day life we are combining bad ingredients to very unsafe and unhealthy levels, and worse over time.
Avoid canned foods, because you are not going to know which have BPA and which do not.
For infants and children, always:
Buy organic or wild harvested as much as possible, to keep harmful pesticides away. If you question if it's really certified organic, ask the seller to provide a copy of the certification. Don't trust ad hype. Do check ingredients, and their safety, here . Buy fragrance-free products. Know what preservatives are in the products, check their safety here . Avoid the use of baby powder, airborne ingredient particles breathed in should be considered highly toxic. Especially Titanium Dioxide, see below.
It is legal for companies to use carcinogens in bubble bath and unidentified fragrance ingredients in bubble bath, baby shampoo, baby lotions, and soaps. When using these products each bath may be exposing your child to dozens of chemicals that have never been assessed for safety and repeated exposure can lead to serious health problems. Learn ingredients best you can so they are easier to identify when purchasing bath products.
A few chemicals of great concern for infants and children, and adults:
Man-Made Fragrances Aluminum Titanium Dioxide in Powders Formaldehyde Mercury, any and all, see Mercury below DMDM Hydantoin 2-Bromo-2-Nitropropane-1,3 Diol BHA (Butylated hydroxyanisole) BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) BPA (bisphenol A) Benzene (Hydroquinone, benzene-1,4-diol or quinol) Sodium Benzoate Food Coloring Boric acid and sodium borate Oxybenzone Polysorbate, any (PEG 20, 40, 60, 80, etc) Polyethylene glycol and PEG Triclosan Diazolidinyl urea, Imidazolidinyl urea Ceteareth Sorbitol
Common skin care ingredients with safety concerns:
Fragrance:
The word fragrance on a label is a catch-all term and can include 'blended' essential oils, or hundreds of chemicals that trigger allergic reactions. Products that use the term “fragrance” in the list of ingredients should be avoided by those with sensitivities, cancer, and should not be used on infants and children.
Aluminum:
Aluminum is a metallic element used in children's vaccines, antiperspirants and antiseptics. Certain scientists have established links between aluminum and breast cancer and lymphatic cancer and there are many who suspect that aluminum's clog the lymph nodes, and could be linked to cancer.
Some toxicity can be traced to deposition in bone and the ‘central nervous system’, which is particularly increased in patients with reduced renal function. Because aluminum competes with calcium for absorption, increased amounts of dietary aluminum may contribute to the reduced skeletal mineralization (osteopenia) observed in preterm infants and infants with growth retardation. Aluminum can cause ‘neurotoxicity’, and is associated with altered function of the ‘blood-brain barrier’. A small percentage of people are ‘allergic’ to aluminum and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminum, such as deodorants or antacids. In those without allergies, aluminum is not as toxic as heavy metals, but there is evidence of some toxicity if it is consumed in excessive amounts.
BHA:
The National Toxicology Program classifies butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as “reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.”
It can cause skin depigmentation. In animal studies, BHA produces liver damage and causes stomach cancers such as papillomas and carcinomas and interferes with normal reproductive system development and thyroid hormone levels. The European Union considers it unsafe in fragrance. It is found in food, food packaging, and personal care products sold in the U.S.
Benzalkonium chloride:
Biocide, preservative and surfactant associated with severe skin, eye, and respiratory irritation and allergies,
benzalkonium chloride is a sensitizer especially dangerous for people with asthma or skin conditions like eczema. It is found in many household disinfectants and cleaning supplies. Regular use of products containing antimicrobials such as benzalkonium chloride could lead to development of resistant bacteria.
I am seeing more and more skin care products pop up [for adults, children and infants] with Borax in the ingredient list. Borax is a naturally occurring mineral made of boron, sodium, oxygen and water, and poses a health risk for skin and inner body tissues. Borax is a known skin irritant among other health hazards listed below.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used to manufacture
Polycarbonate and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate plastics are usually hard and clear and are marked with a 7 or a PC near the recycling symbol.
Epoxy Resins are not marked.
Type 3 (PVC) can also contain bisphenol A.
BPA is an
endocrine disruptor.
BPA mimics the
hormone estrogen and minuscule amounts disturb the hormonal messaging in our bodies.
A decent list of food cans with BPA, and food cans without BPA, and information on other sources of BPA - click here
Coal tar hair dyes and other coal tar ingredients,
(including Aminophenol, Diaminobenzene, Phenylenediamine):
Coal tar, a byproduct of coal processing, is a known human carcinogen, according to the National Toxicology Program and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Hair stylists and other professionals are exposed to these chemicals in hair dye almost daily. While FDA sanctions coal tar in specialty products such as dandruff and psoriasis shampoos, the long-term safety of these products has not been demonstrated.
Collagen:
Collagen is found in the majority of high-end skin care products, and marketing tactics tell us that it is replacing what our aging bodies cannot produce any longer. It is an insoluble fibrous protein and does not penetrate into the skin, it only sits on top of the skin as the molecules are too large to penetrate the skin. The collagen found in most skin care products is derived from animal skins and ground up chicken feet.
1,4 Dioxane:
1,4-dioxane is 'reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. Simply put, this is a cancer causing and highly toxic by-product, based on numerous animal studies (NTP 2005). 1,4 dioxane contaminates up to 46% of personal care products tested (OCA 2008, EWG 2008). This dangerous chemical is an unwanted by-product of an ingredient processing method called ethoxylation, which is used to reduce the risk of skin irritation for petroleum-based ingredients. Though 1,4-dioxane can easily be removed from products before they are sold, its widespread presence in products indicates that, unfortunately, many manufacturers are failing to take this simple step.
Back in 2001, FDA scientists detected the carcinogenic impurity 1,4-dioxane at levels of up to 1410 parts per million (ppm) in cosmetic raw materials, and at levels were found up to 279 ppm in personal care products (Black 2001). Testing data suggested significant cause for concern: 'Levels of 1,4-dioxane in excess of 85 ppm in children's shampoos indicate that continued monitoring of raw materials and finished products is warranted' (Black 2001).
You can identify products that may contain 1,4-dioxane by scanning ingredient labels for the common ingredients that may contain 1,4-dioxane, which is identifiable when you see the prefix or designations of 'PEG,' '–eth–,' 'Polyethylene,' 'Polyethylene glycol' 'Polyoxyethylene,' or '–oxynol–' (FDA 2007). (source EWG)
DMDM Hydantoin is one of the most commonly used preservatives in cosmetics today; it is highly toxic and causes an allergic reaction in 2.8% of the NACDG patients (Pratt et al., 2004). It is water-soluble and is found most commonly in shampoos but also in cosmetics. Some cosmetic preservatives decompose and release formaldehyde, which this is one that the International Agency on Research on Cancer lists as a known human carcinogen. The preservatives and their decomposition products, including formaldehyde, can trigger allergic reactions, and who knows what other major health problems. About one-fifth of U.S. cosmetics and personal care products contain a chemical that releases formaldehyde. Not surprisingly, more Americans develop contact allergies due to these ingredients than Europeans. Europe is more stringent in what they allow then the US is, as is Canada.
Essential Oils
Essential oils are extracted from the leaves and flowers of the plant and have
often a strong fragrance. Essential oils should not to be applied alone. Essential oils have natural fragrance compounds and some are allergens, such as; benzylcinnamate, cinnamal, citral, citronellol, d-limonen, and Peru balm and carry safety/toxicological profiles developed from past studies. Essential oils, should not be applied directly to
the skin, but must be mixed with a basic oil before application.
Massage and bathing oils for; infant massage, muscular
pains, and physical well-being, often contain essential oils or plant extracts. For
example, cinnamon, peppermint and camphor are well-known heat-providing
substances in this type of product, and e.g. lemon oils are often applied
because of their fresh fragrance. Erotic massage oils are often perfumed and
are marketed to be applied in sexual areas with thin and highly vascularizated
skin, with sliding properties, taste or giving a warm feeling.
Massage and body oils, including baby oils, are applied to a larger or smaller area of the
skin and are not intended to be washed off. Oils marketed to babies can be; bathing products, body oil, massage oil, and lotion.
High
amounts of essential oils in massage and body oils, and body lotions, should be assumed to contain
fragrance allergens, which maybe a health risk for the using consumer.
Farnesol
Farnesol is an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, a fragrance ingredient, and is associated with allergies and contact dermatitis. Farnesol is present in many essential oils such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, lemon grass, tuberose, rose, musk, balsam and tolu. It is used in perfumery to emphasize the odors of sweet floral perfumes. Its method of action for enhancing perfume scent is as a co-solvent that regulates the volatility of the odorants. It is especially used in lilac perfumes.
With that said, studies also show that Farensol (along with Perillyl alcohol and geraniol) has chemotherapeutic activity towards pancreatic and other cancers. Pancreatic carcinoma incidence was decreased by perillyl alcohol and farnesol. (source 1, source 2)
This ingredient, if found in the ingredient label, should not be used on children under 15.
Farnesol should also be avoided by people with perfume allergy.
Formaldehyde:
Any amount of Formaldehyde in our system is TOXIC! Formaldehyde (gas) is listed in the Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (RoC) as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in laboratory animals (NTP 2005a); it was first listed in the 2nd RoC (NTP 1981). Formaldehyde (all physical forms) was nominated by NIEHS for possible reclassification in the 12th RoC based on the 2004 review by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC 2006), which concluded that there was sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of formaldehyde in humans. (source)
Formaldehyde (formalin) being a known carcinogen, may cause allergic reactions and is unsafe for use by asthmatic people (more like toxic for everyone!). A potent embalming agent and also (still) commonly used as a preservative. Formaldehyde is considered a known human carcinogen by the International Agency on Research on Cancer. Formaldehyde, is also an asthmagen, neurotoxicant and developmental toxicant, was once mixed into to many personal care products as an antiseptic. This use has declined. But some hair straighteners are based on formaldehyde’s hair-stiffening action and release substantial amounts of the chemical. Many common preservatives also release formaldehyde into products (like DMDM hydantoin, quaternium, and urea compounds), see right below on the releasers.
Vaccines: Formaldehyde is still found in current children DTaP, Hep B & Polio vaccines, from 5 mcg to 100 mcg (even for a newborn's first scheduled vaccination).
We all love fragrances, right, and good fragrances help to sell products. Fragrances are in face creams to laundry detergent, but do you know what’s in fragrances? Well, over 2600 ingredients are used in the manufacture of fragrances. Fragrances normally contain many ingredients, some are hormone disruptors, some are cancer causing chemicals, and many are among the top 5 allergens in the world. Not all of these ingredients are harmful, not all of them, Some fragrance ingredients are essential oils and plants, but a majority of them are chemicals ranging from not too dangerous to being carcinogenic and banned in some countries other than the US.
Fragrance companies are protected by law to keep the ingredients/chemicals used to make them a secret, and they remain proprietary. In the US, Federal law does not require a company (large or small) to list on product labels any of the chemicals used in the fragrance mixture. Recent research from EWG and the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics found an average of 14 chemicals in 17 name brand fragrance products, none of them listed on the label. I am certain small skin care companies would list them, but no one other than the fragrance company knows what they are.
Our advice? Buy fragrance free, if not for yourself, for your children. Until fragrance ingredients are more regulated in the US.
The state of California has Prop 65, which states: The statute states that “no person in the course of doing business shall knowingly and intentionally expose any individual to a chemical known to the state (California) to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity without first giving a clear and reasonable warning. Ignorance is not a defense here! It is the responsibility of skin care and fragrance companies to be aware of this when shipping to California. Which means, ANY cosmetic/skin care or fragrance formulator/seller, when shipping to a customer in California is by law required to advise said customer of ANY and ALL ingredients their products contain that are on the Prop 65 list. But do they? Many do not even know what is on the Prop 65 list, while some do not even know the list exists. Here is the list, click here.
For a list of chemicals in fragrances published by the IFRA (International Fragrance Association), click here. Opens in a new window. Here is another in depth list of fragrance chemicals, click here.
For other Fragrance information, visit the RIFM, click here
Hydroquinone (HQ) is a high-volume commodity chemical used as a reducing agent, antioxidant, polymerization inhibitor, and chemical intermediate. It is also used in over-the-counter (OTC) drugs as an ingredient in skin lighteners and is a natural ingredient in many plant-derived products, including vegetables, fruits, grains, coffee, tea, beer, and wine. While there are few reports of adverse health effects associated with the production and use of HQ, a great deal of research has been conducted with HQ because it is a metabolite of benzene. Althought some claim it is a carcinogenic, various tumor initiation/promotion assays with HQ have shown generally negative results. (source) It appears the jury is still out on this one, completely.
Reports also say Hydroquinone can cause a skin disease called ochronosis, with blue-black lesions that in the worst cases become permanent black caviar-size bumps. In animal studies, hydroquinone has caused tumor development. The National Toxicology Program is conducting reproductive toxicity and dermal carcinogenicity studies of this chemical.
Hydroquinone is found in products promising lighter skin and straighter hair. The cosmetics safety database Skin Deep shows that hair relaxers and skin lighteners may share a second problem: the products contains not only Hydroquinone, but ingredients such as placenta and petroleum byproducts which are linked to cancer, reproductive and hormonal problems and skin sensitization. (The combo effect)
Mercury, Ehtylmercury or Methylmercury, the preservative Thimerosal (aka Thimerasal):
There are about 1,501,430,636,558,496,585,414 atoms in 0.5 grams of mercury. This 0.5 grams of mercury can produce a potential loss of 4,324,120,233,288,470,165,993,719,156,572 chemical reactions in your body. 0.5 gram in a 180 lb. body produces a concentration of 6.168 PPM. (source)
Mercury and the Immune System "Mercury is a compound without any known phyiological action in the human organism. Exposure to Mercury occurs in not only environmental pollution, but also deliberately, for example in various Therapeutic preparations.... to contnue, click here. Will open in a new window.
"Since mercury is a toxic heavy metal with no known
role in normal metabolism, absorption must be interpreted
in the broadest possible terms. Vapor inhalation,
enteric ingestion, and skin contact are the chief
routes by which mercury enters the body. A more
recent concern has been mercury contamination of
hepatitis B immune globulin as well as the adjuvant
for the hepatitis B vaccine." (source)
EXCERPTS FROM STUDIES YOU CAN LINK TO READ, BY CLICKING (SOURCE)
"Elemental, nonionized mercury is transported in the blood, bound to plasma proteins and hemoglobin. Inorganic mercury has remarkable affinity for the kidney; as a result, symptoms of intoxication relate predominantly to that organ. Brain uptake varies, depending on chemical form, but under appropriate conditions the brain incorporates mercury rapidly. Once incorporated into the nervous system, mercury is very slowly eliminated." (source)
"Personality changes generally accompany or precede the motor phenomena. Marked fatigability, irritability, insomnia, and an extreme muscular weakness appear early. This picture may persist for weeks or months and is referred to as mercurial neurasthenia." (source)
"Acute poisoning is usually manifest by an inflammation of the mouth, marked salivation, and severe gastrointestinal disturbances, such as colic and diarrhea. The breath has a fetid odor, often described as ‘‘metallic.’’ A brownish mercurial line may be visible along the margin of the teeth. In many cases, there is a marked emotional irritability and a rapid onset of weakness in the lower limbs." (source)
"Acute psychotic episodes with delirium, hallucinations, and marked motor activity may occur. The chronic form of mercurialism is more common and occurs in industries that use mercury in low doses. The onset of illness may be subtle, with mild tremor and weakness of the limbs, or involve a progressive personality change. Other involuntary movements, muscle cramps, clonic spasms, or even convulsions may develop." (source)
"Adverse health effects depend on the degree of exposure and the kind of mercury in question, but children and the fetus are notably more susceptible, especially to methylmercury toxicity. Although exposure limits have been lowered, and some uses are being phased out, much remains to be done with respect to limiting human mercury exposure." (source)
"Mercury is a unique heavy metal that can exist in the environment in several physical and chemical forms, including elemental mercury, which is a liquid at room temperature. All forms of mercury express some form of toxic effects in target organs, especially in the kidneys. Interestingly, the epithelial cells lining the straight portions of renal proximal tubules are among the most vulnerable to the toxic effects of mercury." (source)
"Mercury occurs primarily in three forms: elemental or metallic mercury, inorganic mercury, and organic mercurial compounds. Elemental mercury is transformed to various inorganic and organic compounds, mainly by the process of methylation. Mercury binds to various groups in proteins, enzymes, coenzymes, and cell membranes, thereby disrupting many cellular processes. Mercury inhibits the peptide-elongation step of the protein synthesis and interferes with lipids, myelin, and mitochondrial DNA synthesis. Both organic and inorganic mercurial compounds inhibit the mammalian thioredoxin system, responsible for cellular stress response, protein repair, and protection against oxidative damage. Mercury has been shown to affect various organ systems." (source)
Mercury is an odorless liquid that is highly toxic, at any amount. It is a dangerous substance and no amount of Mercury exposure to our body is safe. In 1997 a government mandate required the removal of all traces of mercury preservative from childhood immunizations. But, the FDA's website states they either removed or just reduced the amount in vaccines for children under 6 years o age. Well, they have NOT removed it. So much for the government mandate. (see the paragraph right below!!) "By 2001, none of the immunizations given to children under ten (should have) contained thimerosal. Yet children and adult vaccines still do contain Mercury. Some vaccines still contain Thimerosal and some contain Methylmercury. Thimerosal is a compound that contains mercury. Mercury is Mercury, Thimerosal 'contains' Mercury.
"In a case report of four patients who were exposed to ethyl mercury, toxicity was seen in the brain, spinal motor neurons, peripheral nerves, skeletal muscles, and myocardium. Not much is known about the toxic effects of ethylmercury and most toxicologists have assumed that the toxic changes would be similar to that caused by methylmercury." (source)
Vaccines: Still today some infant and children vaccines contain Mercury, Ethylmercury and Thimerosal. Mainly found in the multi dose vaccines. Ethylmercury is one of the metabolites of Thiomersal (aka Thimerosal) and Thiomersal contains Mercury. These were not removed, as mandated, some were reduced but they were never removed.
Mercury is used in current childhood vaccines, even in an infants first 6-8 week dose. The Mercury usage rate is 0.3 mg in the Sanofi-Pasteur - Tripedia brand (DTaP, HIb, and Polio vaccine) and in the Sanofi-Pasteur - Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus vaccine. Possibly in others.
Phenoxyethanol is also in 'most' childhood vaccines, see Phenoxyethanol below.
Mercury targets these organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, and kidneys.
An alarming fact: The toxicity of ethylmercury is not well studied. It's still a form of Mercury. Inorganic mercury compounds are commonly used skin care. Some inorganic mercury compounds are used in fungicides. ANY amount of Mercury is poisonous.
Recent studies have found that substantial amounts of mercury vapor are released from dental amalgam fillings after chewing gum for just ten minutes.
Metheneamine
Metheneamine is a chemical and antibacterial agent and belongs to the hormone-disrupting family of chemicals found in body wash, shampoos, facial cleansers, liquid soaps, and shower gels. The other names of Metheneamine are Urotropin, Cystogen, Ammoform, and Ammonioformaldehyde. Metheneamine is proven to be a formaldehyde releaser.
Methylisothiazolinone and Methylchloroisothiazolinone:
Preservatives, commonly used together in personal care products, among the most common irritants, sensitizers and causes of contact allergy. Lab studies on mammalian brain cells suggest that methylisothiazolinone may be neurotoxic.
Oxybenzone:
Sunscreen agent and ultraviolet light absorber, found in nearly all Americans, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In human epidemiological studies, oxybenzone has been linked to irritation, sensitization and allergies. A study of 404 New York City women in the third trimester of pregnancy associated higher maternal concentration of oxybenzone with a decreased birth weight among newborn baby girls but with greater birth weight in newborn boys. Studies on cells and laboratory animals indicate that oxybenzone and its metabolites may disrupt the hormone system.
Parabens (Propyl, Isopropyl, Butyl, and Isobutylparabens):
(includes: Methylparaben, Propylparaben)
Parabens are estrogen-mimicking preservatives, found in breast cancer tumors of 19 of 20 women studied. The CDC has detected parabens in virtually all Americans surveyed. According to the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Consumer Products, longer chain parabens like propyl and butyl paraben and their branched counterparts, isopropyl and isobutylparabens, may disrupt the endocrine system and cause reproductive and developmental disorders.
Synthetic chemicals, polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and anionic or nonionic PEG derivatives, are frequently contaminated with ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane, which the U.S. government considers as probable human carcinogens, which can readily penetrates the skin. It is generally recognized that the PEG monomer, ethylene glycol, and certain of its monoalkyl ethers are reproductive and developmental toxins.
Because of the possible presence of 1,4-dioxane reaction product and unreacted ethylene oxide residues, it is necessary for manufacturers to use appropriate procedures to remove these toxic contaminents from PEGs Soy Sterol before blending them into cosmetic formulations. Cosmetic makers could easily remove 1,4-dioxane from ingredients, but tests documenting its common presence in products show that they often do not get removed.
NOTE: Recall my statement above, very first line of this page: "Ingredients with molecular weight of 75 or lower enter the blood stream". Many, many, skin care products today contain PEGs, 20, 40, and 60. When you see PEG listed in the ingredients, how will you know if the cosmetic company has gone the extra mile to remove the toxic and probably carcinogenic contaminates? You have no clue if they have been removed and no clue if they are present, and with tests showing they are not beng removed as they should be, I would avoid products with PEGs listed until this is mandated. ALSO, as with all PEGs and PEG derivatives, they must not be applied to damaged skin, due to risk of toxicity and sensitization. In damaged skin, cases of systemic toxicity and contact dermatitis in burn patients were attributed to a PEG-based topical ointment. Manufacturers of PEGs and PEG derivatives must continue their efforts to remove impurities and by-products such as ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane. (sources 1, 2)
Petroleum Dstillates:
Petroleum-extracted cosmetics ingredients, commonly found in mascara. They may cause contact dermatitis and are often contaminated with cancer-causing impurities. They are produced in oil refineries at the same time as automobile fuel, heating oil and chemical feedstocks.
Phthalates:
A growing number of studies link this chemical to male reproductive system disorders. Pregnant women should avoid nail polish containing Dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Everyone should avoid products with “fragrance” indicating a chemical mixture that may contain phthalates. Some fragrance houses do not readily list which fragrances they sell that contain Phthalates, and you should email the company you are purchasing from to find out if the fragrances you are choosing do or do not contain Phthalates.
Polysorbate 80 (along with 20, 40, 60):
Polysorbate 80 is a surfactant and emulsifier used in cleaners and personal care products.
Polysorbate 80 is also known as; PEG 6, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, POLYOXYETHYLENE (20) SORBITAN MONOOLEATE. Polysorbate 80 is a ‘surfactant’ and emulsifier used in cleaners and personal care products. Violation of industry recommendations - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Not safe for use on injured or damaged skin Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity Skin or Sense Organ Toxicity Hazards
VACCINES: Polysorbate 80 is used in doses of 5 mcg to 100 mcg in [children's] vaccines.
Polysorbate 80 contamination concerns: Impurity, could be contaminated with: 1,4-dioxane, ethylene oxide
If Polysorbate 80 is contaminated with 1,4-dioxane: This is a known carcinogen. The chemical is an unwanted byproduct of an ingredient processing method called ethoxylation used to reduce the risk of skin irritation for petroleum-based ingredients. Though 1,4-dioxane can easily be removed from products before they are sold, its widespread presence in products indicates that many manufacturers fail to take this simple step.
Products that may contain 1,4-dioxane (by scanning product ingredient lists) for the common ingredients that may contain the impurity, are identifiable by the prefix or designations of 'PEG,' '–eth–,' 'Polyethylene,' 'Polyethylene glycol' 'Polyoxyethylene,' or '–oxynol–' (FDA 2007).
Polyoxymethylene Urea is a reaction product of urea and formaldehyde and is used in a wide range of cosmetic formulations as a bulking agent Excreted from urine and other bodily fluids. Because of the nature of the polymerization process, residual formaldehyde is present at levels typically between 17 and 30 ppm.
Used in deodorants, ammoniated dentifrices, mouthwashes, hair colorings, hand creams, lotions, shampoos, etc. Used to "brown" baked goods, such as pretzels.
When in products that may be aerosolized (airborne) the risk is greater, as it is breathed into lungs.
Polyoxymethylene Urea is a skin irritant
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful and of concern
Contamination concerns: FORMALDEHYDE
Propylene Glycol:
Propylene Glycol is a known strong skin irritant. A cosmetic form of mineral oil found in automatic brake and hydraulic fluid, and industrial antifreeze. In skin and hair care products, propylene glycol works as a humectant, which is a substance that retains the moisture content of skin or cosmetic products by preventing the escape of moisture or water. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) warn users to avoid skin contact with propylene glycol as this strong skin irritant can cause liver abnormalities and kidney damage. Check out your body lotions, deodorant, hair conditioner, hair gel, creams, and many more products! Molecular weight of PGE is 60.
Resorcinol:
Common ingredient in hair color and bleaching products; skin irritant, toxic to the immune system and frequent cause of hair dye allergy.
In animal studies, resorcinol can disrupt normal thyroid function. The federal government regulates exposures to resorcinol in the workplace, but its use is not restricted in personal care products.
Retinyl palmitate and Retinol (Vitamin A):
Retinyl palmitate has been linked to an increased risk of skin cancer in animal studies, and it can convert to retinoids, associated with a risk of birth defects. Vitamin A is an essential nutrient, but excessive amounts can cause severe birth defects if women are exposed during pregnancy. New evidence shows that when applied to sun-exposed skin, for instance, in sunscreens, lip products and daytime moisturizers, these compounds can break down and produce toxic free radicals that can damage DNA and cause skin cancer.
Recent date from the federal Food and Drug Administration indicate that when retinyl palmitate is applied to the skin in the presence of sunlight, it speeds the development of skin tumors and lesions.
SLS / SLES
A Surfactant - Cleansing Agent Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) & Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES). Human irritant - strong evidence, for products for use around the eyes, on the skin, or may be aerosolized (airborne), and an environmental toxin. Used in shampoos and other hair care products, toothpaste, shaving products, body washes and other skin care products, make-up, eye-make up (e.g., mascara), dishwashing liquid, laundry products, and carpet cleaner. Sodium lauryl sulfate is also used as a food additive (for example, to emulsify egg whites, as a whipping agent used to prepare marshmallows, and to coat fresh citrus fruit.)
Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES) - .Although not sodium lauryl sulfate - SLS can be contaminated with 1,4-dioxane, considered a probable human carcinogen by EPA, and also listed as a chemical known to cause cancer by the State of California. 1,4-Dioxane has also been used as a solvent or solvent stabilizer in many products, including personal hygiene and cleaning products. Dioxane has been found in shampoos, liquid/dishwashing soap, baby lotion, hair lotion, bath foam, and other cosmetic products. Besides sodium laureth sulfate, other ingredients that may be contaminated with 1,4-dioxane include ingredients with the prefix, word, or syllable PEG, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene, “eth” (as in sodium laureth sulfate), or oxynol. It can be removed if products are processed properly, but there is no practical way to tell if this has been done. Levels of 1,4-dioxane were lower in a survey completed in 1991 compared to levels found a decade earlier; no recent surveys have been completed.
I am seeing more and more skin care products pop up [for adults, children and infants] with Borax in the ingredient list. Borax is a naturally occurring mineral made of boron, sodium, oxygen and water. It is not safe for skin or inner body tissues. Borax is a known skin irritant among other health hazards.
Artificial sweeteners are chemicals, they are toxins your body has to clear, or, store. Sorbitol, used as an artificial sweetener, is the most commonly used sweetener because it is less expensive and easier to make into commercial products. It is found in medicines, juices, sugar-free pastries, gums, mints, toothpaste, and mouthwash. It is found in diet foods like; ice creams, colas, sugar-free chewing gums, cough syrups, and others. Undigested sorbitol serves as a platform for fermentation of bacteria in the stomach which results in production of gas, that causes bloating, cramps and flatulence and can cause symptoms like irritable bowel syndrome.
Those with diabetes have an increased risk consuming Sorbitol, and should avoid its use.
Sorbitol is known as glucitol, Sorbogem® and Sorbo® and is a suspected carcinogen that maintains the softness for food and gives eye care products that slippery feel. It is known also to
Sorbitol is a laxative and may aggravate irritable bowel syndrome, and similar gastrointestinal conditions, resulting in severe abdominal pain for those affected, even from small amounts ingested.
St. John's Wort:
This herb is becoming a popular ingredient in skin care. The warning for St. John's Wart in skin care is; it can interact with many medications due to induction of cytochrome and other mechanisms. Also, and very importantly, significant interactions include decreased efficacy of, cyclosporin, tacrolimus, irinotecan, and other chemotherapeutic agents. For anyone undergoing chemotherapy, this is an herb to avoid.
Chemotherapy: Due to changes in hepatic metabolism caused by St. John's wort, chemotherapy levels may be altered, resulting in increased toxicity or decreased efficacy. Caution should be exercised when administering concomitantly with chemotherapy (i.e., cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, etoposide, irinotecan).
Source: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Institute.
Titanium Dioxide:
The hazards of Titanium Dioxide are when the fine powder particles ultrafine (nanoparticles) and measure less than 0.1 microns or 100 nanometres. This small they can absorb into the skin and body tissues, and are also hazardous when the particles become airborne and are breathed in. Titanium Dioxide is widely used in all types of skin care, sunscreens, makeup and cosmetics.
Coarse or fine particles of titanium dioxide are safe and effective at deflecting and absorbing UV light, protecting the skin, but consumers should avoid using products with micronized mineral pigments, either in sunscreens or colour cosmetics. Many products that contain Titanium Dioxide are commercial sunscreens, pressed makeup powders where when being applied the powder normally becomes airborne near your face and are breathed. Use caution when you apply any loose or pressed powders to your face which contain Titanium Dioxide, and avoid breathing in the powder. Health concerns when breathed in over a period of time are; immune suppression and possibly cancer.
Toluene:
Toluene is TOXIC! Volatile petrochemical solvent and paint thinner and potent neurotoxicant that acts as an irritant, impairs breathing and causes nausea. A pregnant woman’s exposure to toluene vapors during pregnancy may impair fetal development. In human epidemiological and animal studies, toluene has been associated with toxicity to the immune system. Some evidence suggests a link to malignant lymphoma.
Toluene is used in fingernail polish. Nail polish makers are under pressure to reduce or eliminate toxic ingredients, including phthalates, toluene, and formaldehyde.
Solvents such as toluene and xylene are petroleum-based products that have been linked to cancer. Formaldehyde (formalin) may cause allergic reactions and is unsafe for use by asthmatic people, and It is a carcinogen.
Triethanolamine:
Triethanolamine is used to make many products, including household detergents and polishes, herbicides, vegetable and mineral oils, paraffin and waxes, plastics, resins, adhesives, and ointments. It is highly acidic and widely used in cosmetics and skin products on the market. Used as a surfactant and pH adjusting chemical, and is reported by IFRA to be used in fragrance compounds as well. Evidence shows Triethanolamine is linked to immunotoxicity, or harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissues in the body. Studies show Triethanolamine is a suspected carcinogen.
Triclosan & Triclocarban:
Antimicrobial pesticides in liquid soap (triclosan) or soap bars (triclocarban), very toxic to the aquatic environment and often found as contaminants in people due to widespread use of antimicrobial cleaning products. Triclosan disrupts thyroid function and reproductive hormones. American Medical Association and the American Academy of Microbiology say that soap and water serves just as well to prevent spread of infections and reduce bacteria on the skin. Overuse may promote the development of bacterial resistance.
Preservatives to Avoid (list is not conclusive)
Parabens Mercury, any Words ending in "paraben" DMDM hydantoin Imidazolidinyl urea Methylchloroisothiazolinone Methylisothiazolinone Metheneamine Sodium Hydroxymethylglycinate Triclosan Triclocarban Triethanolamine (or "TEA")
Formaldehyde releasers are a diverse group of chemicals that can be recognized by a small, easily detachable formaldehyde moiety. The five most commonly used chemicals in this category are quaternium-15, dimethyl-dimethyl (DMDM) hydantoin, imidazolidinyl urea, diazolidinyl urea, and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (bronopol).
DMDM hydantoin, a formaldehyde releaser is one of the most commonly used preservatives in cosmetics today; it caused an allergic reaction in 2.8% of the NACDG patients (Pratt et al., 2004). It is water-soluble and is found most commonly in shampoos but also in cosmetics. Cosmetics preservatives that decompose and release formaldehyde, which the International Agency on Research on Cancer lists as a known human carcinogen. See more above.
Preservatives to Be Aware of ---
Dermal Sensitization, an effect caused by some chemical preservatives
Dermal sensitization, also known as allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), delayed contact hypersensitivity, or Type IV allergic contact dermatitis, is defined by Marzulli and Maibach (1996) as a delayed, immunologically mediated, inflammatory skin disease consisting of various degrees of erythema, edema, and vesiculation. Kimber (2004) has also defined sensitization as “stimulation by chemical allergen in an inherently susceptible individual) of an immune response of the quality and vigor required to permit the provocation of an elicitation reaction upon subsequent encounter with the same chemical.”
As it is generally recognized that a certain level of allergen exposure must be attained to induce immune activation in susceptible individuals, dermal sensitization is characterized as a threshold type of response. However, dose-response relationships are observed for both the induction and elicitation phases of ACD (Gerberick and Robinson, 2000; Kimber et al., 2003; Scott et al., 2002), and thresholds for induction can be reached following either a single sufficiently high amount of exposure to the allergenic chemical, or after contact with a large area of skin, or as a consequence of repeated skin applications (Marzulli and Maibach, 1996). Experiments with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and other sensitizers have shown that a single contact can be sufficient for sensitization, but less data exist of the relationship between lower area doses and repeated contacts over a longer time period (Griem et al., 2003).
Germall Plus / Germall II / Germall 115
Germall a common preservative is normally found in the ingredients list as "Propylene Glycol (and) Diazolidnyl Urea (and) Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate". Diazolidnyl Urea acts as a formaldehyde releaser in cosmetics and personal care products. Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamateis acutely toxic by inhalation and should not be used in products that can be aerosolized or inhaled. One or more human case studies show significant immune effects. Propylene Glycol has been associated with irritant and allergic contact dermatitis as well as contact urticaria in humans; these sensitization effects can be manifested at propylene glycol concentrations as low as 2%. Canada lists it as: "Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful". Widely found in homemade skin care preparations.
Check the beginning of the ingredients lists, this composes the highest concentrations and normally where surfactants, and lubricants show up. Try to avoid ingredients that start with "PEG" or have an "-eth" in the middle, such as; sodium laureth sulfate.
When looking for Fragrance Free (synthetic chemical free), look for these words: "FRAGRANCE, or "other ingredients". If you see those you will know the product does contain some type of fragrance and is more than likely a chemical fragrance.. "Other ingredients" means they are proprietary and protected by law and you will never know what the ingredients and chemicals are.
Germaben II
Germaben II is a common preservative in a variety of personal care products and is made from; Propylene Glycol (and) Diazolidinyl Urea (and) Methylparaben (and) Propylparaben. Germaben II is a known immune system disruptor, it is known to cause Irritation to the skin, eyes, and/or lungs, and it is also a penetration enhancer which is a concern given the toxicity of it.
Propylene Glycol has been associate with irritant and allergic contact dermatitis as well as contact urticaria; these sensitization effects can be manifested at propylene glycol concentrations as low as 2%.
Diazolidnyl Urea acts as a formaldehyde releaser in cosmetics and personal care products. Propylparaben and Methylparaben are in the paraben family and are used as a preservative used in food, pharmaceutical, and personal care products. They are both a human endocrine disruptor and skin toxicant. Parabens mimic estrogen and can act as potential hormone (endocrine) system disruptors.
Methylchloroisothiazolinone
Methylchloroisothiazolinone, a pesticide and a widely-used cosmetic preservative has been associated with allergic reactions.
Methylisothiazolinone is used to control slime-forming bacteria, fungi, and algae in pulp/paper mills, cooling water systems, oil field operations, industrial process waters, and air washer systems and is incorporated into adhesives, coatings, fuels, metal working fluids, resin emulsions, paints, and various other specialty industrial products as a preservative. It is also used to control the growth of mold, mildew, and sapstain on wood products. (source)
In studies using laboratory animals, methylisothiazolinone has been shown to be of moderate acute toxicity by the oral and inhalation routes. It is highly acutely toxic when applied dermally or to the eye and is considered to be corrosive. (source)
Thresholds for induction of ACD can occur following a single exposure of sufficient magnitude, after contact with a large area of skin, or as a consequence of repeated skin applications (Marzulli and Maibach).
Reported in the National Library of Medicine Haz-Map, click here to view report. Reported in 2008 to be used in some fragrances Known human immune system toxicant Human skin toxicant - strong evidence Limited evidence of immune system toxicity Human immune system toxicant - moderate evidence Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics Japan prohibits its use in some types of cosmetics when combined with certain other (?) ingredients
Methylisothiazolinone:
Methylisothiazolinone, a pesticide and a widely-used cosmetic preservative has been associated with allergic reactions. Lab studies on the brain cells of mammals also suggest that methylisothiazolinone may be neurotoxic.
Methylisothiazolinone is used to control slime-forming bacteria, fungi, and algae in pulp/paper mills, cooling water systems, oil field operations, industrial process waters, and air washer systems and is incorporated into adhesives, coatings, fuels, metal working fluids, resin emulsions, paints, and various other specialty industrial products as a preservative. It is also used to control the growth of mold, mildew, and sapstain on wood products. (source)
In studies using laboratory animals, methylisothiazolinone has been shown to be of moderate acute toxicity by the oral and inhalation routes. It is highly acutely toxic when applied dermally or to the eye and is considered to be corrosive. (source)
Reported in the National Library of Medicine Haz-Map, click here to view report. Reported in 2008 to be used in some fragrances Known human immune system toxicant Human skin toxicant - strong evidence Limited evidence of immune system toxicity Human immune system toxicant - moderate evidence Use is restricted in Canadian cosmetics Japan prohibits its use in some types of cosmetics when combined with certain other (?) ingredients
Optiphen a widely used cosmetic preservative known as a skin toxicant, it is made with Phenoxyethanol, Sorbic Acid (known to cause allergic reactions), and Caprylyl Glycol. In China, the use of Optiphen is restricted, and in Europe it is classified as an irritant, toxic and/or harmful and is classified as toxic or harmful for use around the mouth and on the lips. Also could be shown on the ingredient label as; PHENOXYETHANOL, 2-PHENOXYETHANOL
Phenoxyethanol
Phenoxyethanol is a very common preservative, found in cosmetics, fragrances, and personal care products, and in some vaccines. It is known to cause mild to severe skin and eye irritations. High concerns are irritations to eyes, skin, and lungs. Limited evidence shows immune system toxicity. It is toxic when swallowed, inhaled, and is absorbed into the skin, and may cause reproductive defects. In Europe and Japan, use is restricted due to the toxicity of this chemical. In Europe, phenoxyethanol is classified as toxic or harmful in products for use around the mouth and for use on the lips.
Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. May cause reproductive defects. Severe eye and skin irritant.
For use with infants: Phenoxyethanol can depress the central nervous system and may cause vomiting and diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration in infants. (source: FDA).
Two-phenoxyethanol (2-PHENOXYETHANOL) is used in all licensed Component Pertussis Vaccine formulations to allow for flexibility in use of components in the different component Pertussis-containing vaccines produced by the manufacturer. (source: FDA)
VACCINES: Phenoxyethanol is used in current infant and children vaccines (2mos to 6yrs) DTaP, Hep B & Polio vaccines. The two brands known to have Phenoxyethanol are; Sanofi-Pasteur - Daptacel, having 3.3 mg, and GlaxoSmithKline - Kinrix brand for DTaP with Polio, having 600 mcg Aluminum, 100mcg of Formaldehyde, 2.5 mg Phenoxyethanol, and 100 mcg of Polysorbate 80.
PHENOXETOL®
Phenoxetol is a cosmetic grade of 2-Phenoxyethanol. Used as a fixative for perfumes, a bactericide, a topical antiseptic, dyes, inks and resins, in organic synthesis of plasticizers, in germicides, in pharmaceuticals, in cosmetics and in preservatives.
Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. May cause reproductive defects. Severe eye and skin irritant.
Sodium Hydroxymethylglycinate:
Sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (SHMG) is a preservative used in many commercially available products, including shampoos, conditioners, soaps, moisturizers, body sprays, baby wipes, room sprays, cleaning agents, and pesticides. It is in a class of chemicals known as formaldehyde-releasing preservatives. Notably, members of this class have been associated with allergic contact dermatitis, possibly due to the agents themselves, the formaldehyde they release, or both. Studies on SHMG in animals have demonstrated potential for sensitization and dermatitis, and formaldehyde-allergic patients have been reported to improve when products containing SHMG are avoided.
Patients and providers need to be aware of this preservative. (source)
Many cosmetic companies who use this preservative in their skin care deem it a "natural preservative", and claim it is gentle as a preservative, based on natural amino acid glycine. It is not gentle in any way.
T-BUTYL HYDROQUINONE (TBHQ)
TBHQ is a phenol, a chemical preservative used in cosmetic and baby skincare products, and it is a form of butane. It is used in foods (crackers, saltines, etc) to delay the onset of rancidness, greatly extending the storage life of foods. No wonder they last so long!
For children: There has been some anecdotal evidence that TBHQ can cause anxiety, restlessness, and aggravation of ADHD symptoms, although there have been no clinical studies that show any link between food additives and behavioral disorders in children. Read more.
T-BUTYL HYDROQUINONE synonym is 1,4-BENZENEDIOL, a dangerous chemical.
TBHQ is also used in certain brands of pet foods, as well as in varnish, lacquers and resins. The FDA has put a limit on how much TBHQ can be used (0.02%). That amount might not sound like much, but the risks and side-effects of this preservative product far outweigh the benefit of it being used as a highly unsafe preservative ingredient.
Chemical Dyes
Chemical Dyes are also known as colorants and are usually listed on product labels as, "FD&C," or "D&C", or simply "colorant". Most have been proven to be toxic to our system.
FD&C Blue 1 for example, commonly found in hair dyes, food, and cosmetics, and possibly in eye medicines and solutions. Is a synthetic dye produced from petroleum. Even though the FDA has approved it for use in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, it should be avoided. FD&C Blue 1 is listed as being in fragrances by the IRFA, as; BENZENEMETHANAMINIUM, N-ETHYL-N-[4-[[4-[ETHYL[(3-SULFOPHENYL)METHYL]AMINO]PHENYL](2-SULFOPHENYL)MET -HYLENE]-2,5-CYCLOHEXADIEN-1-YLIDENE]-3-SULFO-, INNER SALT, DISODIUM SALT. The EPA lists FD&C Blue 1 in their toxic list (EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs), yet the FDA approves its use and staes' "Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food".
This list will continue to grow, so bookmark it to revisit it.
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4-Aminobiphenyl (4-ABP)
